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Article
MODELLING OF TUNNEL BEHAVIOUR.
Authors: R N TAYLOR
Source: Proceedings of the ICE - Geotechnical Engineering, Volume 131, Issue 3, July 1998, pages 127 - 132
Modelling of tunnel behaviour R. N. Taylor, MA, PhD, CEng, MICE j Geotechnical centrifuge modelling can be used to good effect to study the complex problem of the stability of, and ground movements caused by, tunnelled excavations. Innovative techniques in developing modelling tools have enabled studies of tunnelling processes to be evaluated. The analysis of digital images of centrifuge models has given considerable detailed insight into the patterns of ground movement caused by tunnelling, and has proved to be a major addition to the instrumentation of centrifuge models...

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Article
TECHNICAL NOTE. TURBULENCE MODELLING.
Authors: L GUIYI
Source: Proceedings of the ICE - Water Maritime and Energy, Volume 96, Issue 3, September 1992, pages 187 - 192
Turbulence modelling L Guiyi, MSc, PhD i FYOC. Insfn Civ. Engrs Wof.,Morif. &Energy, 1992, 96, Sept., 187-192 TechnicalNote578 The turbulence mechanism plays an Hydrodynamic model Written discussion important partin the mixing processes 2. The hydrodynamic model consists of closes 17 November 1992 and momentum transfer of turbulent flow. three equations:a flow continuity equation and Two of the most commonly used turbutwo momentum equations in a horizontal direction. After being integrated over the water lence models in surface water flow, depth, theReynolds stress is split into the three namely a zero-equation model and the in two-equationk-a model, are examined and items that appear the depth-integrated compared through their application to one model: turbulence free stress; surface windlaboratory test and one field study...

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Article
TECHNICAL NOTE. PHYSICAL MODELS.
Authors: R E NECE
Source: Proceedings of the ICE - Water Maritime and Energy, Volume 96, Issue 3, September 1992, pages 181 - 182
Physical models R. E. Nece, BSCE, MSCE, ScD, FASCE, MASME 5. Distortion ratios for estuary models Introduction An example of coastal pollution modelling rela- range typically from 5 : 1 to 10 : 1. Vertical 1 scales 2,are seldom smaller than : 100. tes to one objective the designof small boat in Average water depths marinas of the type in harbours or marinas salt water: thatof on considered here are not large (say, m), so 4-6 achieving tidal flushing in the harbour basin that will minimize potential water quality prob- Z,= 1 : 50 is a common value...

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Chapter
Physical modelling
Authors: D. J. White
Source: The Essence of Geotechnical Engineering: 60 Years of Geotechnique, January 2008, pages 105 - 113

This paper reviews the major contributions to Géotechnique that relate to physical modelling, including developments in modelling technology, important experimental observations, and the resulting advances in geotechnical engineering. An increasing proportion of the papers published by this journal involve physical modelling, conducted either at 1g or in a geotechnical centrifuge. Over the 60 years since Géotechnique was first published, experimental techniques have advanced significantly, improving the realism of small-scale simulations, and raising the quality and detail of the measurements that can be made. These techniques are reviewed, and some of the consequent advances in relation to foundations, tunnels, retaining walls and slopes are highlighted, as reported in the pages of Géotechnique.

  • Introduction

  • Physical Modelling Techniques

  • Shallow Foundations

  • Tunnelling

  • Retaining Walls

  • White

  • Concluding Remarks

  • References

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Article
TECHNICAL NOTE. COASTAL POLLUTION MODELLING: HYDRODYNAMIC TIDAL MODELS.
Authors: R A FALCONER
Source: Proceedings of the ICE - Water Maritime and Energy, Volume 96, Issue 3, September 1992, pages 183 - 185
Coastal pollution modelling: hydrodynamic tidal models R.A . Falconer, PhD, DEng, DIC, FICE, FIWEM, MASCE, FRSA Introduction PYOC. Instn Ciu. Engrs Wut., Murit. &Energy, 1992, 98, Sept., 183-185 Technical Note577 Written discussion total mass flux into the volume with the mass closes 17 November 1992 In any coastal pollution numericalmodel study, flux out of the volume and the change mass of one of the main processes to be first modelled within the control volume during a given timeaccurately is the transport, or advection, of pol- interval...

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Article
TECHNICAL NOTE. COASTAL MODELLING STRATEGY.
Authors: G THOMPSON
Source: Proceedings of the ICE - Water Maritime and Energy, Volume 96, Issue 3, September 1992, pages 179 - 180
Coastal modellingstrategy G. Thompson, BSc, MSC,MICE H Models are used to assist indecision( a ) stages (4 (c) described in 94: i.e. back and h o c . Instn Civ. Engrs Wat. Marit. &Energy. 1992, 96, Sept., 179-180 Technical Note 575 from the assessmentof data to further data Written discussion collection. Often, an initial assessmentwill closes I 7 Nouember 1992 identify a requirement for more data. Indeed, an efficient use of a model is to use it a s early a s possible toidentify the significant features that are critical to the decision to be made, and only then actively to set up fieldwork exercises tocollect those specific data...

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Article
TECHNICAL NOTE. HYDRODYNAMIC WAVE MODELS.
Authors: C A FLEMING
Source: Proceedings of the ICE - Water Maritime and Energy, Volume 96, Issue 3, September 1992, pages 193 - 196
Hydrodynamic wave models C.A . Fleming, BSc, PhD, FRGS, FICE Introduction Waves in the contextof coastal pollution may be responsible for mobilizing seabed sediments and for scouring actionor generating waves in shallow water that can potentially transport pollutants along the shoreline. Wave height and direction are also criteria with respectto key the designof engineering structures such s a outfalls and intakes which are often placed in the nearshorezone. It is therefore important to be able to determine how wave properties change as they travel into shallow water. as 2. Changes that occur are largely a result of the shapeof the seabedwhich has a strong influence on the direction wave travel and of hence on the distribution wave energyin the of shallow water areas...

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Article
A RIVER CATCHMENT FLOOD MODEL.
Authors: RK PRICE, JA CUNGE, MUSKINGUM
Source: ICE Proceedings, Volume 65, Issue 3, September 1978, pages 655 - 668
Pror. Insrn Civ. Engrs, Pari 2, 1978.65, Sept., 655-668 8141 A river catchment flood model The rainfall-runoff model developed for the Flood studies report' is combined with a new channel routeing method produce a river catchment flood model. A description to of the model, with particular emphasis on the routeing component, is followed by applications to design problems two British rivers. in Notation diffusion coefficient surface width C kinematic wave speed F finite difference function G finite difference function subscript denoting reach number i i subscript denoting section number K storage coefficient L length of reach m subscript denoting reach number n suffix denoting number of time increments Q discharge S storage S channel slope t time X distance U attenuation parameter A t time increment A x space increment Muskingum proportionality factor c diffusion coefficient P 0 wave speed U B Introduction Catchment runoff models and channel routeing methods suitable for British rivers have been presented in the Flood studies report' (FSR)...

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Article
Landfill modelling challenge: HBM model predictions
Authors: J. McDougall
Source: Proceedings of the ICE - Waste and Resource Management, Volume 161, Issue 4, November 2008, pages 147 - 153

Two laboratory-scale consolidating anaerobic reactors were commissioned, constructed and monitored by Southampton University's waste research group to investigate the long-term behaviour of decomposing waste. The reactor tests were run for 919 days while leachate quality, gas production and surface settlement were monitored. After releasing information on initial conditions and some early data on volatile fatty acid, a challenge was issued to landfill modellers to predict the behaviour of the waste over the remaining period. This paper describes the use of the HBM model in response to the challenge.

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Article
INFORMAL DISCUSSION. MODELLING THE INFILTRATION COMPONENT.
Authors: FX DUNIN, RB PAINTER
Source: ICE Proceedings, Volume 55, Issue 2, June 1973, pages 535 - 536
HYDROLOGICAL GROUP INFORMAL DISCUSSION Modelling the infiltration component introduced by F. X. Dunin, BAgrSci reported by R. B. Painter, BSc, PhD, M I C E In his introductory note Mr Dunin described the importance of infiltration in relation to water conservation, and in combating flooding and soil erosion. He suggested that in order to evaluate land management practices as a flood control measure, analytical techniques to simulate the infiltration process are necessary. Mr Dunin then commented that empirical methods of infiltration simulation often lead to the overdesign of structures and that physically based methods require development to a form suitable for application...

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