ICE - Institution of Civil Engineers - Virtual Library

58 VULCANIZED INDIA RUBBER. Mr. J. FAREY drew the attention of the meeting to the ingenious machineused by Sir John Macneill on the Drogheda Railway. By it, both the seats for the chairs were planed upon the sleepers, at auy required angle, and the holeswere bored for thetrenails,simultaneously, with mathematical accuracy. An account of this machine would be very interesting to the Institution. ` VULCANIZEDINDIARUBBER.' presented a specimen of his ` Vulcanized India Mr. BROCKEDON Rubber' proposed as a substitute forfelt, to be used between the under sides of continuousbearing rails, or of thechairsandthe sleepers of railways...

154 BOOTH ON AERODROME DEVELOPMENTS IN INDIA. Paper No. 5575. `` Aerodrome Developments in India." By EDGAR HICKMAN BOOTH, M.I.C.E. (Ordered by the Council to be published in abstract forrn.)t INTRODUCTION. PRIOR 1942 ground facilities for aircraft in India weremeagre. The to entry of Japan into the war found the country facing a critical situation as regards aerodromes for defence and communication purposes. Instead of the leisurely construction of a dozen aerodromes with 800-yard runways, as had been decided upon in 194041, the construction of more than two hundred aerodromes with 2,000-yard runways became a top priority task in 1942...

24 DISCUSSION os HAILWAY-SIGNALLING IN INDIA. m i n u t e s of Discussion. T h e President. The PRESIDENT,moving a vote of thanks the in to Author, expressed also the sympathy of the members with him in the illness which prevented him from being present. Mr. List. Mr. G. H. LIST stated that the Author had asked him to mention two gentlemen whose names had unfortunately been omitted from the last paragraph of p. 6, namely, Mr. C. T. R...

377 `` Pamban Viaduct, South Indian Railway." By COLINROBERT H I T E , M . Inst. C.E. W INordertofacilitatecommunicationbetweenIndiaand Ceylon, theSouthIndianRailwayCompanyhasrecently completed a n importantlinkintheirsystem by theconstruction of R viaduct across the submerged recf lying between the mainland of India and the Island of Rameswaram. Prior to the construction of this line, traffic between India and Ceylon was carried via Tuticorin and Colombo, a route which line, which has necessitated a 12-hours' sea journey. A branch now become the main line, extended toRlandapnm, on the mainland of India, between which station and the western extremity of the island there exists a shallow arm of the sea, across which all traffic has hitherto been ferried...

Pa pcrs.] TOUXG ON FOUNDATIONS IN `BLACK COTTON SOIL.) 323 (Paper No. 2737.) `` Foundations in ` Black Cotton Boil ' in India." By EVELYX HENRY YOUSG, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. `` BLACK COTTON " is the name given in India to a rich black SOIL earth composed of disintegrated trap, often extending over large areas, especially i n CentralIndiaandtheCentralProvinces; where its peculiar properties constitute the chief difficulties encountered in the erection of buildings of all kinds...

360 LACEY ON FLOODS IN SOUTHERN INDIA. [Selected (Paper No. 3690.) "Floods in Southern India." By JOSEPH MELVILLE LACEY, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. THE floods in the Penner river due to the cyclone of October, 1874, havebeenalready described.' Thepresent Paper dealswith the floods in the same river due to the cyclone of November, 1903. The Penner and three of its main tributaries, the Cheyair, the Papaghni and the Chitravati, take their rise in what is called the Mysore plateau, which is a t an altitude of between 2,500 and 3,000 feet above sea-level...

Selected Papers.] TUFNELL ON RIVER-TRAINING I N INDIA. 177 SECT. 11.-OTHER SELECTED PAPERS. " Economical River-Training in India." By CARLETON FOWELL TUFNELL, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. OXE of the most strikingnaturalfeatures of Northern India is the condition of its rivers,orwhatduringninemonths of Thetraveller theyear can o n l y by courtesybetermedrivers. who suddenly finds himself face to face with a bridge f mile i n length, carrying a road over an arid waste, studded here and there with small ponds and patches of rich vegetation, cannotbut wonder at the unnecessarily lavish expenditure, as he would term it, of the Indian Public Works Department...

Proceedings.] DISCUSSIOS OS THE RAILWAT-GAUGES OF INDIA. 283 I n seasons of good normal rainfall, the railways were benefited by The Author. increased internal and foreign business ; in periods of local scarcity, they still found that the misfortunes of the land brought them large receipts, it being a cardinal principle that ratesshould not be lowered, but the movement of food-grains left to the natural requirements of trade. Visitations of plague alone seemed to affect the railways adversely. Therefore, weighing the railways in the balance of general usefulness to the country and fair return on capital, might not those who wereresponsiblefor the railway-gauges of India feel, while admitting errors in the past, that good record could be shown, and a that theyearly increasing necessity for higher speeds, and for greater comfort and conveniences, would gradually bring about uniformity ? England waited nearly 50 years before the Great Western railway, after having a mixedgaugefor some time, finally abandoned the 7-footgauge...

44 CORRESPONDENCE ON RATL~~AY-SIGNAI,LTNC. [Minute8 of The Author. English Bomd-of-Trade rule had hitherto generally been followed when gear of English manufacture was used, but now that the Railway Board had issued rules of its own, referred to on p. 18, the following distances were prescribed as the maximum which might be used, except withthe previous sanction of the Government Inspector :Facing points worked and locked by the same lever 200 yards. Trailing points or facing points worked and locked by separate) 3oo levers ...

196 UPCOTT ON TIIE RA!dL\\TAY-GbUGES OF ISDIA. [bfinutes of 30 January, 1906. Sir ALEXANDER RICHARDSON BIKNIE, President, in the Chair. (Paper No. 3586.) `` The Railway-Gauges of India." By Sir FREDERICK ROBERT UPCOTT, K.C.V.O., C.S.I., M. Inst. C.E. THE subject of the Railway-Gauges of India wasdiscussed at the Institution in1873,' and again, after an interval 16 years, in 1889.' of A similar interval has now elapsed, and the present seems to be an appropriate time to review what has been done since the latter date, and to examine the possibilities of gradually attaining uniformity of gauge, and the advantages to be obtained thereby...