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E-ISSN: 1753-7789

Volume 83, Issue 1, March 1987

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PROLOG-BASED EXPERT SYSTEMS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
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- pp. 1–14
- Authors: S ALIM; J MUNRO; PROLOG; MICROPROLOG
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.334
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83, Mar., 1-14 PAPER 8970 ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT GROUP PROLOG-based expert systems in civil engineering S . ALIM, BSc, MSc, PhD* J. MUNRO, BSc, PhD, FICEt The Paper discusses the potential development of expert systems in civil engineering and describes the useof micro-PRoLoc for this task. The use of micro-PRouw; and APES is illustrated by an example from geotechnical and foundation engineering. The Paper draws attention to the significance of uncertainty and imprecision in the design of civil engineering expert systems...
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PENETRATION OF NITRATE FROM AGRICULTURAL SOILS INTO THE GROUNDWATER OF THE NORFOLK CHALK
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- pp. 15–32
- Authors: JM PARKER; SK BOOTH; SSD FOSTER
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.339
- Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 1 5 3 2 PAPER 9010 WATER ENGINEEkING GROUP Penetration of nitrate from agriculturalsoils into the groundwater the Norfolk Chalk of J. M. PARKER. MSc * S. K. BOOTH, MSc, MIWES S . S. D. FOSTER, DSc, MICE, MIGeol,AIL, FIWES* Diffuse pollution of British aquifers, especially by nitrate leached from agricultural soils, continues to give cause for national concern. Detailed studies of nitrate penetration into four groundwater catchments to public water supply boreholes in the Norfolk Chalk are described...
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ON THE LIMIT STATE PROPERTIES OF MASONRY
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- pp. 33–41
- Authors: N TAYLOR; PA MALLINDER
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.340
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83, Mar., 3 3 4 1 PAPER 9014 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP On the limit state properties masonry of N. TAYLOR, BTech, MSc,PhD* P. A. MALLINDER, BEng, MICE? An axial forcebending moment interaction diagram for the limit state of rectangular masonry sections is presented. The strain distribution across the section is taken to be linear, andthe stress-strain relationship for the material is assumed to be parabolic. Tensile strength is taken to be insignificant in comparison with the compressive strength...
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FORCES EXERTED BY SHALLOW OCEAN WAVES ON A RIGID PIPE SET AT AN ANGLE TO THE FLOW
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- pp. 43–59
- Authors: RA GRACE; JM ANDRES; EKS LEE
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.341
- Proc. Instn Cio. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 4 S 5 9 PAPER 9018 MARITIME ENGINEERING GROUP Forces exertedby shallow ocean waves on a rigid pipe set at an angle to the flow R. A. GRACE, PhD* J. M. ANDRES, MS? E. K. S . LEE, BS$ A test pipe, 123 in in diameter and 28 ft long, was installed in the ocean off Honolulu, Hawaii. A 48 in long test section was instrumented so that both horizontal and vertical forces could be measured as swell passed over the pipe...
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ELASTIC SOLUTIONS FOR AXISYMMETRICALLY LOADED CIRCULAR RAFT WITH FREE OR CLAMPED EDGES FOUNDED ON WINKLER SPRINGS OR A HALF-SPACE
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- pp. 61–90
- Authors: JA HEMSLEY; WINKLER
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.342
- h o c . Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 61-90 PAPER 9083 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP Elastic solutions for axisymmetrically loaded circular raft with free clamped edges or founded on Winkler springs a half-space or J. A. HEMSLEY, MEng, PhD, DIC, MICE, MIStructE* The flexural response of an elastic circular raft is examined for different types of ground support in the form of prescribed contact pressures, Winkler springs and an elastic halfspace. The axisymmetric static applied loading is either a uniform pressure or a peripheral line load acting vertically downwards...
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ELASTIC SOLUTIONS FOR THIN CYLINDRICAL SHELL WALLS UNDER AXISYMMETRIC LOADING
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- pp. 91–114
- Author: JA HEMSLEY
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.343
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 91-1 14 PAPER 9084 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP Elastic solutionsfor thin cylindrical shell walls under axisymmetric loading J. A. HEMSLEY, MEng, PhD, DIC, MICE, MIStructE* Practical application of standard elastic thin shell theory to the design of cylindrical wall structures is often inhibited by the lack of a coherent and readily available set of theoretical results for various axisymmetric forms of static applied loading, particularly when assessing the influence of base distortion on wall behaviour...
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INFLUENCE OF WALL SUPERSTRUCTURE ON THE FOUNDATION INTERACTION ANALYSI S OF A CIRCULAR RAFT
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- pp. 115–142
- Authors: JA HEMSLEY; WINKLER
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.344
- Proc. lnstn Civ. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 115142 PAPER 9111 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP Influence of wall superstructure on the foundation interaction analysis of a circular raft J. A. HEMSLEY, MEng, PhD, DIC,MICE, MIStructE* A concise analytical procedure is described by which the known elastostatic results for a plain circular raft and a thin-walled cylinder under conditions of axial symmetry may be combined to assess the structural behaviour of a circular raft constructed monolithic with a peripheral cylindrical wall. The ground is modelled as either Winkler springs or an elastic continuum, and it is shown how interaction with the structure may result in considerable amplification of the bending moments at the base of the wall and the edge of the raft...
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INELASTIC BUCKLING OF COMPOSITE BRIDGE GIRDERS NEAR INTERNAL SUPPORTS
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- pp. 143–159
- Authors: MA BRADFORD; RP JOHNSON
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.345
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 143-159 PAPER 9093 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP Inelastic buckling of composite bridge girders near internal supports M. A. BRADFORD, BSc, BE, PhD, MIEAust, AMASCE* R. P.JOHNSON, MA, FEng, FICE, FIStructEt A finite strip method of inelastic analysis for local buckling moments of composite T beams with residual stresses is presented. Comparisons with test data show that the method gives reliable predictions, even when strain hardening is present. This method and an existing method for predicting distortional buckling resistances of non-compact unbraced and unstiffened continuous beams were used to analyse eleven fixed-ended composite bridge girders, with spans between 20 m and...
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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLOODING AND DRYING IN A DEPTH-AVERAGED TIDAL FLOW MODEL
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- pp. 161–180
- Authors: RA FALCONER; PH OWENS
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.346
- Proc. Znstn Civ. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 161-180 PAPER 9105 WATERGROUP ENGINEERING Numerical simulation of flooding and drying in a depth-averaged tidal flow model R. A. FALCONER, BSc(Eng),MSCE, PhD, DIC, MICE, MASCE, MIWES* P. H. OWENS, BSc? A refined numerical modelling scheme to simulate the flooding and drying of shallow estuarine reaches by repetitive tides is described. Interest has been focused on developing a technique which can be applied to relatively large grid space and time step models, and which may be particularly relevant to nested hydrodynamic modelling...
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ESTIMATION OF DILUTION IN BUOYANT EFFLUENTS DISCHARGED INTO A CURRENT
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- pp. 181–196
- Authors: JJ SHARP; E MOORE
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.347
- Proc. lnstn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 181-196 PAPER 9107 WATERGROUP ENGINEERING Estimation of dilution in buoyant effluents discharged into a current J. J. SHARP, BSc, MSc, PhD,ARCST, FICE, FCSCE, PEng* E. MOORE, BSc, PhD, PEng* This Paper considers the methods available for estimating dilution from a submerged outfall discharging a single, round, buoyant jet into a current. Three equationsrecently presented in the UKare compared with one mathematical model representative of those used by designers in North America...
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THERMAL CURVATURES AND STRAINS IN CRACKED REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
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- pp. 197–212
- Authors: LA CLARK; JG CHURCH
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.348
- Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 197-212 PAPER 9122 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP Thermal curvatures and strains in cracked reinforced concrete beams L. A. CLARK, BEng, PhD, MICE, FIStructE* J. G. CHURCH, BSc, P h D t The results of tests on reinforced concrete beams under linear and non-linear temperature distributionsare presented. Tests were initially performed on uncracked beams. Subsequently, some of the beams were cracked by application of force loading, unloaded and re-tested in their cracked state under non-linear temperature loading...
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AIRBORNE MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER DATA FOR ESTIMATION OF DYE DISPERSION F ROM SEA OUTFALLS
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- pp. 213–241
- Author: PJ CURRAN
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.349
- Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83, Mar., 213-241 PAPER 9129 WATERGROUP ENGINEERING Airborne multispectral scanner data for estimation of dye dispersion from sea outfalls P. J. CURRAN, BSc, PhD, FRGS* For the purpose of monitoring the dispersion and dilution performance of a sewage outfall, dye can be injected into the sewage and the resultant plume tracked by boat. Remotely sensed imagery is now a useful adjunct to survey by boat as it provides a synoptic view of a plume at an instant which, because of tide, wind and current changes, a survey by boat is unable to do...
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AXIALLY LOADED CONCRETE COLUMNS WITH NON-UNIFORM LATERAL CONFINEMENT
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- pp. 243–262
- Authors: SH PERRY; WE ARMSTRONG; SIR A HARRIS
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.350
- Proc. Instn Cio. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83, Mar., 24S262 PAPER 9131 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP Axially loaded concrete columns with non-uniform lateral confinement S. H. PERRY, BSc(Eng), PhD, MICE, MIStructE, FIEI* W. E. ARMSTRONG, BSc(Eng), PhD, DICt Sir Alan HARRIS, CBE, BSc(Eng), Hon. DSc, FEng, FICE, FIStructEf Exploratory work at Imperial College on the use of an arrangemnt of orthogonal `debonded' high-tensile steel bolts to provide lateral confinement in short axially loaded columns is described...
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SEA WATER INTRUSION AND PURGING IN MULTI-PORT SEA OUTFALLS
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- pp. 263–274
- Authors: JA CHARLTON; PA DAVIES; GHM BETHUNE
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.351
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83, Mar., 263-274 PAPER 9132 WATERGROUP ENGINEERING Sea water intrusion and purging in multi-port sea outfalls J. A. CHARLTON, MSc, PhD, MICE, MIWES' P. A. DAVIES,BSc, DipEd, PhD? G. H. M. BETHUNE, BSc$ The mechanism of sea water intrusion is discussed and its primary and secondary phases delineated. Conditions for the purging of affected outfalls are considered for invert- and sofit-connected cases, and the heads required to achieve fully purged states for the two cases are estimated...
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END FAILURES IN STRESSED SKIN DIAPHRAGMS
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- pp. 275–293
- Authors: JM DAVIES; J FISHER
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.352
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83, Mar., 27S293 NGINEERING RUCTURAL PAPER 9133 GROUP End failures in stressed skin diaphragms J. M. DAVIES, DSc, PhD, FICE, FIStructE* J. FISHER, BSc, PhD, MICEMIStructEt of End failures may occur the ends the flutes in diaphragms utilizing trapezoidally profiled at steel or aluminium sheets. Although they are only occasionally critical in diaphragms of usual proportions, they represent modes failure that have suffered from relative neglect of a in theliterature and ought be considered...
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BEHAVIOUR OF TURBULENT WATER JETS IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND IN PLUNGE POOLS.
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- pp. 295–314
- Authors: DA ERVINE; HT FALVEY
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.353
- Froc. lnstn Cio. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 295-314 PAPER 9136 WATERGROUP ENGINEERING Behaviour of turbulent waterjets in the atmosphere and in plunge pools The Paper describes measurements made on a water jet discharging almost horizontally; free from these, the Authors conjecture the fundamental nature of free turbulent jets plunging through the atmosphere and diffusing in the plunge pool. Consideration ofjet diffusion in the plunge pool includes a comparison between submerged jet and impinging jet diffusion, the role of inner core decay for impinging jets in a pool, the effect of entrained air on the reduction of impact pressures, and an analysis of the pressure fluctuations caused by turbulence in the plunge pool shear layers...
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STOCHASTIC EXTREME EVENT LOAD MODELLING FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF JA CKET STRUCTURES
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- pp. 315–320
- Authors: G CHIESA; G FERRO; P GRILLO
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.354
- h o c . Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 315-320 TECHNICAL NOTE 462 MARITIME GROUP ENGINEERING Stochastic extreme event load modelling for reliabilityanalysis of jacket structures G. CHIESA, MSc(Eng)* G. FERRO, MSdEng)? In the reliability analysis of jacket structures, a basic step is the stochastic modelling of externalloadsacting on the structure. Broadly, this stageconsists of threemainparts: identification and modelling of each loading process; definition of the load combinations; and derivation of the probabilistic structure of the load effects on structural components...
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EFFECTIVE STIFFNESS OF FLOOR SLABS COUPLING OPEN BOX CORES
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- pp. 321–325
- Authors: A COULL; YC WONG
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.355
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 321-325 TECHNICAL NOTE 466 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP Effective stiffness of floor slabs coupling openbox cores A. COULL, BSc, PhD, FRSE, FICE, FIStructE* Y. c. WONG, PhD, MICE? Design curves are presented to give guidance on the influence of the core opening size and of the lintel beam depthon the effective width a floor slab coupling a pair of open box cores. Introduction Tall buildings invariably contain one or more service cores to contain lift shafts, stair wells, and other service ducts...
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A METHOD FOR QUANTIFYING THE EFFECT OF ADMIXTURES ON THE SETTING OF CEMENT. TECHNICAL NOTE.
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- pp. 327–331
- Authors: WJ MCCARTER; AB AFSHAR
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.356
- Proc. Instn Ciu. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 327-331 TECHNICAL NOTE 470 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING GROUP A method for quantifying the effect of admixtures on the settingof cement W. J. MCCARTER, BSc, PhD* A. B. A F S H A R , BSc,MSc* The Authors have shownin previous work that the response of cement pasteto an alternating electrical field can be used to monitor early hydration processes and microstructural development within the paste. In this Technical Note, it is shown that such techniques can also be used to quantify accurately the effect of admixtures on the setting of cement paste...
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STRIPPING IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT: COMPARISON OF MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION AND MARSHALL STABILITY VALUE
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- pp. 333–338
- Author: CY CHIA
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.357
- Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs, Part 2,1987,83, Mar., 333-338 TECHNICAL NOTE 482 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING GROUP Stripping inflexible pavement :comparison of microscopic observation andMarshall stability value Stripping in asphalt pavement is generally quantified by use of indirect measurements such as unconfined compression, Marshall compression, confined compression and split cylinder tests. The explanation that stripping lowers the strength (which is measured by these tests) is not complete as the interlocking and friction of aggregates-other factors which contribute to strength-are not taken into consideration. We retrieved 30 cored samples from trial sections which had been laid using wearing course but divided into two types-a normal mix and a mix treated with an amine anti-stripping additive...
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ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL IN THE SOUTH-WEST REGION OF SAUDI ARABIA
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- pp. 339–349
- Author: MA NOUH
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.358
- Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83, Mar., 33s349 TECHNICAL NOTE 484 ENGINEERING WATER GROUP Analysis of rainfall in the south-west region of Saudi Arabia M. A. NOUH, BSc,MSc, PhD* Thirty rainfall station records were used to identify the regional rainfall distribution in the south-west of Saudi Arabia. The data are rainfall depths in durations varying from 10 min to 12 h. The period of the records varies from 8 to 18 years. To have larger sets of data, the records were grouped according the magnitudesof the one-hour annual maximum rainfall to depths of a 5 year return period...
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A THEORETCIAL AND HYDRAULIC MODEL STUDY OF A CHLORINE CONTACT TANK
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- pp. 351–354
- Authors: RA FALCONER; THY TEBBUTT
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.359
- Proc. Instn Cio. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83,Mar., 351-354 DISCUSSION ON PAPER 9024 WATER ENGINEERING GROUP A theoretical and hydraulic model study of a chlorine contact tank R. A. FALCONER and T. H. Y. TEBBUTT Mr J. H. Warden, Water Research Centre This Paper addresses a subject whose importance to public health has been given far too little attention. There is a desperate need for clear thinking and simple models to help engineers design effective contact tanks. More than this, we need ways of measuring the performance of existing contact tanks which explain the processes operating in such a way that effective improvements can be made in existing constructions...
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CORRIGENDUM: SHEAR-WALL AND SHEAR-CORE ASSEMBLIES WITH VARIABLE CROSS- SECTION
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- pp. 355
- Authors: D HO; CHI HO LIU
- Document Type: Research Article
- DOI: 10.1680/iicep.1987.360
- Proc. Instn Civ. Engrs, Part 2, 1987,83,Mar., 355 Corrigendum Shear-wall and shear-core assemblies with variable cross-section. DUEN and Ho CHIHo LIU.Proc. Znstn Cio. Engrs, Part 2,1986,81, Sept.,4 3 3 4 6 . On p. 440, Table 1 :in the column headings S'(N/mm*) shouldread 10 S'(N/mm) 10/F and 20/F should read 5/F and 1O/F respectively (over both columns in each case). 355 ...
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ICE - Institution of Civil Engineers - Virtual Library

ICE Proceedings

Volume 83, Issue 1, March 1987